Seon Mi Kim is Associate Professor of Social Work at Ramapo College of New Jersey. She studies the development of social and economic empowerment through social and solidarity economy for low-income women and communities. Her research focuses on microenterprise development programs, cooperatives, and local currency movements for low-income women and communities. She worked for ten years as policy director of Korea Women’s Associations United, an umbrella organization of 30 progressive grassroots women’s organizations in South. Korea. skim14@ramapo.edu